The crystal of the freeze dryer in the freeze concentration is a solvent crystal. As in the conventional solute crystallization operation, the moisture in the feed liquid is also crystallized by cooling to remove the heat of crystallization. In the freeze concentration, the ice crystal size is required to be appropriate. The optimal ice crystal size depends on the crystal form, crystallization conditions, separator form and the value of the concentrate.
1 Ice crystal formation rate: The rate of ice crystal formation depends on the freezing rate, freezing method, stirring, solution concentration, and food composition. The freezing rate is fast, and it is easy to form local supercooling, forming more crystal nuclei, and the ice crystals are small in volume. There are many solute entrainments.
2. Method of ice crystal formation: There are two forms of crystallization in the freeze concentration process: one is carried out in a tube type, a plate type, a drum type, and a belt type apparatus, and is called a layered freezing. The other occurs in a stirred ice crystal suspension called suspension freezing.
(2) Separation of ice crystals and concentrate
The success of the LGJ freeze dryer freeze-concentration application on the industrial sub-sale is based on the separation effect. The principle of ice crystal separation is the same as the principle of suspension filtration separation. The factors affecting the separation of ice crystals are mainly the size of ice crystals and the nature of the concentrate. In the separation operation, the productivity is proportional to the square of the ice grain size and inversely proportional to the viscosity of the concentrate.
(three) washing of ice crystals
During the formation of ice crystals, there is a solute entrainment phenomenon, and the entrainment is mainly caused by the adsorption of ice crystal surface, and the solute mainly exists in the surface layer of ice crystal. In order to avoid loss, the ice crystals may be washed with a dilute solution, ice crystal water and water, and the solute adsorbed on the surface of the ice crystals may be eluted, but washing with water may easily cause the concentrate to be diluted.
The washing of the ice crystals is carried out in a washing column. There are several types of scrubbers, the main difference being the difference in the power to move the crystals along the tower.
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